Mechanism for releasing excessive strains



A. PESTEL. MECHANISM FOR RELEASING EXCESSIVE STRAINS.

1,410,717. APPLlCATION FlLEl FEB. 9. 1920. Malr- 28 2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

A. PESTEL.

NIECHANISM FOR 'RELEASING EXCESSIVE STRAINS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 9. 1920.

2 Sams-SHEET z.

@amm Mm. 28, 1922.

.PE-fig. /l 7 75 mmf/WOR MW? M.

UNITED 1 stares ARTHUR PEsTEL, or NEW Yonai, N. Y.

MECHANISM Fon RELEASING" Exonss'rvn srnarns.

specification' of Letters Patent.

1 Patented Mar. as, 1922.

Application fuea February 9, 1920. sei-iai No. 357,490'. y

To all whom t may conce/mp' Be it known that I, ARTHUR PESTEL, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mechanism for Releasing Excessive Strains, of which the` following is a full', clear, Vand exact specification.

. This invention relates to improvements in mechanism for. releasing excessive strains and is applicable to different forms of mechanism in' whichrelease of excessive strains on machine elements is desired.

The object of my invention is to provide a mechanism which will eliminate breaking taps, drills and other Vwmk-performing elements. and whereby a breakpin is inserted between two movable elements which pin will break, whenever the strain on said work performing element becomes too great.

My invention may be adapted for different mechanism `fory releasing excessive strains, but I desire to especially apply the same in connection with tapping and drillinoV mechanism.

"n the accompanying drawings :-Figs. 1, 2 and 3, are plan views of a tapping and drilling mechanism with the cover removed. Certain gears are shown in dotted lines to make the views clearer. y

Fig. 4 is a section on the line a-a Fig. Fig. 5 is a section on the line b-b Fig. Fig. 6 is a section on the line c-c Fig. .y

Fig. 7 shows a plan View of a modified design of Figs. 1,2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 cover removed. Fig. t3 isa section on the line Z-cl, Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a partial section on the line e-e Fig. 7. Fig. 10 is a section on the line f-f Fig. 7.

Fig. 11 is a view of one form of breakpin, vFig. 12 is a topview of same. Fig. 13 is a modified view of Fig. 11. Fig.V 14 is a top view of Fig. 13. Fig. 15 is another modified view of Fig. 11. Fig. 15. Fig. 17 is a view of a link, broken off from a breakpin. Y

Referring to Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, No. 1 indicates the driving shaft of the mechanism, rotatable between two plates, 25 and 14, and held at its lower endby a collar 29, secured to said shaft by a pin 30.

The plates 25 and 14 are kept in position by three spacing posts 31 and held together by screws 34, resting on lock-washers 32.

Fig. 16 is a top view ofY l The driving shaft 1, has fast to it a drivinggear 2, this gearbeing secured in position by a pin 3. An idler gear 4, freely rotatable on shaft 1, has mounted on its larger upper surface a ring 5, held toy same by screws 6.- 7 indicates a spacing tube and serves the pur'- poseV to retain gear 4 in its desired position.

Invv the construction illustrated-,i 15 indicates the chuck-spindle, having secured to its lower end a chuck 35', which has'fast to it a tap 46.

Secured to chuckspindle 15 is a clutchcollar 18, heldin position by means of pin 47, Fig. 6. The clutch-collar is formed with an upper clutchface 36 and a lower clutchface 37. Lower clutchgear 17 which is freely rotatable on spindle 15 and mesh with gear 4, is indicated to ride on a collar 16 and prevented from being raised by means of ring 5, which overlaps teeth 38 of gear 17. The upper end of gear 17, has a clutchface 39.v f

In the particular construction is shown an upper clutch-gear 26',V mounted to upper plate 25 by means of a-beari'ng 27, screwed into plate 25 and locked thereto with a small screw 48.

Gear 26, which is freely rotatable on bearing 27, has in its lower surface a socket 49 riding on a flange 50 of bearing 27. The

outer lower surface vof gear 26 is shown to have a clutch surface 40.

lnthis construction 1s further indicated a hollow magazine' spindle 19, 'which servesr the purpose of housing a breakpin 51, Fig. 6. Securely fastened to` said spindle are two gears 23 and 22, held in position by means of a key 21. Said gears and spindle are shown resting on a spacing collar 24, which in turn rests on a gear 13, which is resting on plate 14 and rotatably mounted therein.

Screwed into the lower end of gear 13 is shown a plu'g9, with a hole 41 in its centre. Said plug has on its upper end a square socket 42, retaining therein a square shaped steel-plate or coupling member 12, which has in its centre a square hole 43, Fig. 4, large enough to allow breakpin 51, Fig. 6, to pass freely. Underneath plate 12, movable' in plug 9, is indicated a snap-pin 8Fig- 4, pressed towardl the centre of the plugby a spring 10.

On the lower'end'of` magazine spindle 19, is illustrated another coupling member 20,

Fast in lower plate 14, is a rod 5l, which serves the purpose to prevent the complete mechanism from turning. The operation oi the mechanism is as follows: @raving gear 2, rotates gear 13, which by means ot its coupling member' l2, breakpin 5l, Fig. 6

and coupling member 2O rotates spindle i9, with gears 22 and 23. Gear 23 rotates gear 26 and gear 22 rot-ates idler gear 4, which in turn rotates clutchgear l?. The whole meehanism is fastened in the spindle oi a drillpress, lathe or other suitable machine by means oi the driving spindle l.. rllie clutehcollar being` in Contact with gear 2G, the chuclspindle, chuck and tap are revolved right-hamled, while the gears 22, il; and j, run idly. The spindle ot the drill-press lowered or moved to carry the tap into the work until its stop is reached. Then the spindle of the drill-press is moved oaclf and the driving; spindle l, plates lil and 25, and all gears are drawn back, thereby throwing the clutch-collai.' 18 into Contact with lower 'lutchgijear l'T, whereupon, owing3 to the oontinued rotating of the spindle, a reverse motion will be imparted through the gear to the chuck and tap to withdraw the latter Ltroni the work. Owing' to the relative sizes ot the gears 22, and 17, the tap will be ia'ithdrawn or backed out ot the work more quickly as in the forward or tapping' motion.

Should the strain on the tap be too gi-eat, which may be caused by either havingl the apliole too small or having` a dull and wornout tap or a hard spot in the work, the brealzpin 5l. which is made oi' an;v suitable material, will break first at its smallest crosssection.

This will stop both spindles 19 and l5 as u ll as all gears, except gears 2 and 13, from rotation and thus save the tap from breaking;

The hrealrpin may then again he piished in a coupling position il'ar enough until it rests on snap-pin 8, at the same time eject-ingr a broken ofi link which in appearaine is similar to that shown 55, Fig. il?. rllhe cross section of the .breakingpoints ot the brealrpin are usually ot the saine sis-:e 'for one size tap and in a number ot cases are most conveniently found by er'perinient.

To do that, a brealpin is made similar to that of brealrpin 56, Figs. il. and i2 here shown in exaggerated form which has ditterent sized, cross-section at its respective breaking points, 57, 5S, 59, and GO. y

In the particular construction illustrated in Figs. 7, 8, 9, and l0, driving shaft Gl is rotatable in bearing 62 of cover 63 and has on its lower end ecurely locked with a l C @il drivingpggear G5 resting` on a flange o shaft 6l. Bushing,` which is screwed into shalt 6l and locked with a pin 68, carries an upper clutch gear 69 freely rotatable cn said bushinn 67. Gear (S9, which is riding on [lange i9, or bushing 6T, has on its lower surface a clutch'face 7l.

il liiearing collar l2, loosely fitting in bushing as well as elutchspindle 75, serves the purpose ot eliminating rietion when clutchspindle T3 is rotating` in the opposite direct-ion from that ot the driving spindle as well as bushing 67. Fast to the cliuclrspindle is chuclf Til, holding a tap f Shrunl; onto the shoulder 7G oi he cliuclzspindle is a clutch-collar 77, which has an upper clutchiface 78 and a lower elutehiface 79. liower clutehgear 8U which has a elutclitace Sl, Fig. 9, is freely rotatable on bushiing 82, driven into casing SB. liav'iiip,` on its upper end a liange 84;, which serves the purpose to prevent gear l5() l'roin being raised. Hollow spindle has securely Vtened with a 86. two gears, Si and 3&5, and screwed into its upper en l. a coupling member 89, having in its centre a square hole 90. 'llo the inside oi hollow spindle 85, 's fastened with two rivets 91, a sgringl 92, which acts as positioner ot breakpin 92%. T he hollow spindle at its lower end is rotatable in easing' fl. and carried by `gear O boss 93, ot said easing'.

o? resting on a p 'ln the coiistruetion illustrated, the couililing," Hear 94T, which is riding` on a spacing" ring 95, is freely rotatable in cover 3 and has on upper end fitted into a socket 96 a coupling; member 97 which is j revente l 'troni rotatingby means oli two pins 98, fast in gear 94?-, and two nicks 99, in ci'iupling me: ber 97. 'n the centre ont coupling member 9T is provided a square hole. loo, lai-ge enough to allow brealqpin E, to pass freely.

The arrangement oi' the eouplii. members :is shown has the advantage that the inen1- her 9?' may be lii'tcfl out and nien 539 unndle .Q53 'with any suitable hole 99. VFliese members changed with other (couiamng' a larger or si a la; or smaller .oi. i e on heariu lrun 102, tust to Pasing); i rerenteil from being' lifted by ii. in hearing-pin"192,

63 is iasteiied to casingv 853, by means ot three screws llll, lilies. and l0, and lool;- wasln-ii's '505. in manner shown. rhltearly pins Y, i' and 8 serve the purpose to seloelc the @over G3 te easing 8F), to preven-t it :trom being shifted. Fast in hub 107 of casing 83 is a rod 198, which prevents the complete mechanism from turning when in operation.

ln the construction illustrated, driving gear (l5 rotates cou-pling gear 95rwhich by means ot its coupling member 97, breakpin tl and coupling member 89 rotates hollow spindle S5, with gears 8'? and 88. Gear V58 rotates upper clutchgear 69,-and gear 8T rotates idler gear 161 which in turn rotates lower clutchgear 80. i

rthe operation ci' the mechanism described last, is yexactly alike to that illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3, a, 5 and 3, The dillerences between the two mechanisms, consists mainly in the displacement of the chuckspindle 73, Figs. if' and 8, which here is shown in line with driving` spindle 61 andthe ifnoditiedy arrangement oit the brealrpin coupling device illustrated to be on top instead o'l' the lower end of the hollow spindle. 1

The arrangement shown in the modified design is considered preferable to the other, for the reason, that the coupling device is more accessible for the operator. lt is understood however, that 1 do not limit myselt to the precise Aforms of the mechanism as shown and that l hold myself at liberty to make such changes and alterations as fairly tall within the scope ot my invention.

While the devices as illustratedv and de-v scribed in the specifications relier particularly to tapping and drilling mechanism, it is understood, that, the couplingmechanism w'th the accompanying brealrpin, may bc used in connection with other machines, requiring mechanism ttor the release of excessive strains.

lt is also understood that in the mechanism shown in Figs. 7, 8 and 9 the clutch de vices may be eliminated and the chuck 7d, directly connected with an extended hollow spindle 85. ln such a case the spindle would have at its lower end hole or slot 45, Fig. 8, large enough to allow link 55, Fig. 17, to be ejected.

,it is 'further understood that l do not limit mysel't to the precise forms of the lnealzpins and that l may use pins or rods which may be Octagon or hexagon as illustrated breakpin 109, Fig. 1d or :formed in any other suitable manner.

lt is also understood that instead of a number ot grooves, only one continuous groove, as shown at 110 of brealrpin 109, Fig.

l, may be employed, or that slots ma?,1 be

employed in a breahpin, similar to those shown at 112, of breakpin 111, Figs. 15 and 16 and that in the itollowing` claims wheneverV the word indentation is applied, it ismeant to express the meaning that the brealrpin may have either slots, notches, grooves or other marks, cut or pressed, on its body'.

It is further understood that whenever the word brealpin appears, it is meantl to be a device which will break before the workperforming element will be spoiled or demolished, i. e., a safety device which 'will prevent the ruination ot the worlrpertornn ing element. I

lclaim:

`1. ln a mechanism for releasing excessive strains, an'driving spindle, a dr'vinggear, iast tosaid spindle, coupling gear, driven by said driving gear, a` coupling member connected with said coupling gear, said coupling member being detachable from said co pling gear,` an intermediate coupling member, a hollow spindle, rotatable with said coupling gear, a coupling member, connected with said hollow spindle, said coupling member being detachable from said hollow spindle, an indentation or indentations, in said intermediate coupling member, said intermediate member connecting said gear and spindle coupling members, said gear and spindle coupling members heilig adapted to transmit a torsional strain to said intermediate coupling member, a positiovner, locating sai-d intermediate member, a gear or gears on said hollow spindle and a clutchdevice driven by said gear or gears.

2. In a mechanism for releasing ences-sre strains, a driving spindle, a driving gear, `tast to said spindle, coupling gear, driven by sai-d driving gear,.a coupling member connected with said coupling gear, aninter mediate coupling member, a hollow spindle, rotatable with saidk coupling gear, a `coupling member connected with.I said hollow spindle, an indentation or indentations in said intermediate coupling member, vsaid intermediate member connecting saidv gear and spindle couplingA members, said gear and spindle coupling member being adapted tov transmit a torsional strain to said intei` mediate coupling member, a positione-r, loeatingv said intermediate member, a gear or gears on said hollow spindle and a clutchdevice driven by said. gear or gears.V

3. In a mechanism for releasing excessive strains, a dri-ving spindle, a driving gear, fast to said spindle, a coupling gear, driven by said driving gear, a coupling member, connected with said coupling gear, said coupling member being detachable from said coupling gear, an intermediate coupling member, a hollow spindle, rotatable with said coupling gear, a coupling member, connected withv said hollow spindle, said coupling member being detachable from said hollow spindle, said intermediate member connecting saidv gear andl spindle coupling members, said gear and spindle coupling members being adapted tov transmit a torsional strain to said intermediate Vcoupling member, a positioner, locating said intermediate member, a gear orV gears on said tiener.. locating said ii'itermediato member, a :r or gears on said liolloiv spindle and a clutch-device driven by said gear or gears. fn a mechanism l'or releasing excessive strains, a driving spindle, a driving gear, tast to said spindle, a coiiipling gear, driven by si driving gear, a coupling member connected with said conpliiieg` gear, said cou pling member `being detachable trom said coupling gear, an intermediate coupling member, a hollow spindle, rotatable with said coupling gear, a coupling member connected with said hollow spindle, said coupling member being detachable from said liollonT sl'iiiidle, an indentation or indentations, in said intern'iediate coupling membei', said ii'itcrmediate member connecting said gear and spindle coupling members, a positioner, locating said intermediate member, a gear or gears on said hollow spindle and a clutchdevice driven by said gear or gears.

G. ln a mechanism for releasing excessive strains, a driving spindle, a driving gear, last to said spindle, a coupling gear, driven by said driving gear, a coupling member connected with said coupling gear, an intermediate coupling member, a hollow spindle, rotatable with said coupling gear, a conpling member connected with said hollow spindle, an indentation oi' indentations in said intermediate coupling member, said intermediate member connecting said gear and spindle coupling members, a positioner, locating said intermediate member, a lgear or gears, on Said hollow spindle anda clutchdevice driven by said gear or gears.

7. In a mechanism for releasing excessive strains, a driving spindle, a driving gear, 'f'iasir to said spindle, a coupling driven by said driving); gear, a coupling member connected with said coupling gear, said coupling' member being detachable iroin said coupling gear.y an intermediate coupling member, a hollow spindle. rotatable with said coupling gear, a coupling member connected with said hollow spindle, said Coupling member being detachable from said hollow spindle, said intermediate member connecting said gear and spindle coupling members, a positionei, locating said inter mediate member, a gear or gears on said l spindle, and clutch-device driven gear or gears. a. mechanism for releasing excessive l driving spindle,l a driving gear, fas-5 to said spindle, a coupling driven I driving gear, a coupling member connected with said coupling gear an interrncd' te coupling member a hollow spindle,

lle with said coupling gear, a cou- 'g member connected with said hollow said intermediate member connectsaid gear and spindle coupling meniecrs, a positioner, locating said intermediate member, a gear or gears on said hollowy idle and a clutch-device driven by said gears. n a mechanism ttor releasing excessive Gains a driving member, a brealrpin, Ymel by a plurality oit indentations disi a lengthwis direction, adriven 1 and means connecting said drivingT and said driven member with said `,realrpin l0. ln :i mechanism for releasing excessive strains, al drivine; member, a bi'eakpin, Ylornied by a plurality ol.l indentationa ilisplaced in a length-wise direction, a driven l a ivorlrperformini.: element, means i. ning said element to said driven Y l vier. and means connecting said driving ier and said driven member With said l' a mechanism tor releasing exces- 'ains a driving member, a breakpin,

ive e driven n'aember. a ivorlrperliorming element, means tor 'fastening said element to id driven member, and means connecting said driving member and said driven memwith said brealrpin, said means being ited to transmit a torsional strain to '-zalpin. Q, v`n. a mechanism 'toi' releasing excese, strains, a driving member, a breakpin, indentation or indentations. in said 'cikpiin a driven member, a workperforirielement, means 'For 'fastening said eleout to said dri an inenil er. and means conmeeting' said hivingmember and said driven meniber wiiili said brealrpin, said mea-ns bej adapted to transmit a torsional strain said b'fealzpin.

in a mechanism lor releasing encessive strains, a drivinfi' member, a breakpin, i,iluinlitj,r oi iinlentations disiilaced iii a lengthwise illirection on said ln'ealipin, a driven member, coupling members on said driving,` member and said driven member, said 1orealrpin being slidable in said coupling members. Y lele. ln a mechanism for releasing excessive strains, a driving member, a breakpin, Formed by a pluralitpT et indentations, displaced in a lengthwise direction, a driven member, a worlrperforniing element, means g so for fastening said element to said driven.

said driven member and coupling members,

on said driving `member and said driven member, said breakpin beingslidable in said coupling members, said coupling members being` adapted to transmit a torsional strain to said breakpin.

16. In a mechanism for releasing excessive strains, a driving member, a breakpin an indentation or indentations, in said breakpin, a driven member a worlrperforming element, means for fastening said ele ment to said driven member and coupling members on said driving member and said driven member, said breakpin being slidable in said coupling members, said coupling members being adapted to transmita torsional strain to said breakpin.

17. In a mechanism for releasing excessive strains, a driving member, a breakpin, consisting of a pluralityof definitely spaced links formed by indentations, a driven member, a worlperforming element, means for fastening said element to said driven member, and means connecting said driving member and said driven member with said breakpin. f e

18. In a mechanism for releasing'excessive strains, a driving member, a breakpin, consisting of a plurality of definitely spaced links, formed by indentations, a driven member, a workperforming element, means for fastening said element to said driven member andmeans connecting said driving member and said driven member with said breakpin, said means being adapted to transmit a torsional strain to said breakpin.

19. In a mechanism for releasing excessive strains, a driving member, a breakpin consisting ci a plurality of definitely spaced linlrs 'formed by indentations, a driven member, a workperi'orming element, means for 'fastening said element to said drivenL member and coupling" members on said driv ing member anc. said driven member, said breakpin being slidable in said Coupling members.

20. In a mechanism 'for releasing excessive strains. a driving member, a breakpin, consisting of a plurality of definitely spaced links formed by indentations, a driven member, a workperforming element, means for fastening said element to said driven member and coupling members on said driving member and said driven member, said breakpin being slidable in said coupling members, said coupling members being adapted to transmit a. torsional strain to said breakpin.Y

21. In mechanism for releasing excessive strains, a driving member, a breakpin composed ol a plurality of links formed .by indentations on said pin, a driven member and means connecting said driving and driven member with said piTn. Signed at New ork, in the county of New York and State of New York, thisr rseventh day of February A. D. 1920.

ARTHUR PnsTEL. 

